APES- Environmental History and Law- Presentation (Guided Viewing)
Name: _________________________________________________
1: What are the 4 stages of American Environmental History?
Hunter-Gatherer Society
– 25,000 – 12,000 ybp
Agricultural Revolution
– C.12,000 ybp
Industrial/Medical Revolution
– Late 1700’s to 1900’s
Information/Globalization Revolution
– 1980’s on wards
2: Why were the “Hunter-Gatherers” considered to have a low environmental impact?
– Small populations
– Low resource use per person
– Nomadic/Shifting land use
3: Why do you think Jared Diamond coined the agricultural revolution as the “Greatest Mistake in Human History”?
-It was said to be a big mistake because from it populations grew and as well as waste and more habitat destruction
4: Contrast the Good and Bad of the Agricultural Revolution:
Good
more food
supported large population
longer life expectancy
Higher standard of living for people
Formation of cities, towns, and cities
The towns and cities used for trade, government, and religion
Bad
Destruction of wildlife habitats
Killing of wild animals feeding on grass or crops
Fertile land turned into desert
soil eroded to streams and lakes
pollution and rise of diseases
increased armed conflict
5: What are the “Roots of abuse” in the American Frontier Era?
The First Colonists3 “Things” that would change the continent
– Guns!
– Axes!
– Wheels!
Manifest Destiny – “man is controller of the land, not just part of the land”
Westward Expansion
“Vast, unlimited resources”
6: Look at the graphic of the North American Buffalo territory- what happened to the Buffalo over a short period of time?
The size and territory increased in size.
7: List HOW the Industrial Revolution impacted the environment.
-they had more waste, air quality was worst, and they took out large masses of land
8: List the GOOD and Bad news of the Industrial-Medical Revolution
Good
Mass production
Higher standard of living for many
Greatly increased agricultural production
lower infant mortality
longer life expectancy
increased urbanization
Bad
increased air pollution
increased water pollution
increased waste production
soil depltion and degredation
groundwater depletion
habitat destruction
biodiversity depletion
9: List some events of the Early Conservation Era:
1832 – 1870
– Growing public alarm at loss of forests, resources and “wilderness” (Thoreau, Marsh)
– Beginnings of federal control 1870-1930
– New gov. and non-gov. groups formed to protect natural resources (many laws/acts passed)
– John Muir, Teddy Roosevelt, Gifford Pinchot
– “Golden Age of Conservation”
10: Explain how each of the following “Early Environmentalists” impacted the environmental movement:
Henry David Thoreau: Massachusetts wildlife areas (“Walden Pond”, Life In The Wood
George Perkins Marsh :George Perkins Marsh: warned about collapse of civilization in “Man and Nature” (1864)
* President Harrison:passed a law stating that the President could set aside lands for national parks and national forests
* John Muir:founded Sierra Club 1892
* Gifford Pinchot:1st Chief U.S.
Forester
– Conservationists vs. Preservationists (Hetch-Hetchy Valley debate)
*Theodore Roosevelt
-Created 40+ wildlife refuges, tripled forest reserves
It was the first step into getting more people in restoring land through the industrialization
12: What were the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) responsible for?
-planted trees, erosion control, nature trails,
13: Why was the “Taylor Grazing Act” important to the environment? Explain.
-Because it regulated the grazing of public land
14: Why was WWII the end of the Conservation Era?
15: When did the environmental era start? Who was responsible for “starting” the movement?
How?
-It started in 1990
-Rachel Carson
-Writing a book called silent spring
16: Who was Aldo Leopold?
-Environmental Philosophy“Sand County Almanac”Humans are part of a “community” that includes natural resources
Problems arise when land is viewed as a “commodity”
17: When was the 1st official “Earth Day”?
-January 1st 1970
18: What were some key legislation in the 60‘s, 70’s and 80’s?
-Wilderness Act: 1964Wild and Scenic Rivers
Act: 1968National Environmental
Policy Act: 1969
The Clean Air Act: 1972
The Clean Water Act:
1972
Pesticide Control Act: 1972
Endangered Species Act: 1973
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act: 1976
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act: 1977
19: What is the EPA? What are they responsible for?
Environmental Protection Agency
-federal $ for studying & improving environmental quality!
20: Who are the NRCS? What are they responsible for? What about CITES?
-Natural Resources Conservation Service Monitors private land use, advises landowners on soil/water conservation methods
– “Educates” and “Advises”
21: List the following:
– Thousands of scientists monitor, share and publish reports on atmospheric change
* Kyoto Protocol: A 1997 international agreement to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases by 5% by 2012
– Not signed by the USA
22: List some of the important U.S. Environmental Laws below:Energy Policy Act
FIFRA
Food Quality
Protection Act
HFI
Kyoto Protocol
Lacey Act
NEPA
Wild & Scenic Rivers
RCRA
Name: _________________________________________________
1: What are the 4 stages of American Environmental History?
Hunter-Gatherer Society
– 25,000 – 12,000 ybp
Agricultural Revolution
– C.12,000 ybp
Industrial/Medical Revolution
– Late 1700’s to 1900’s
Information/Globalization Revolution
– 1980’s on wards
2: Why were the “Hunter-Gatherers” considered to have a low environmental impact?
– Small populations
– Low resource use per person
– Nomadic/Shifting land use
3: Why do you think Jared Diamond coined the agricultural revolution as the “Greatest Mistake in Human History”?
-It was said to be a big mistake because from it populations grew and as well as waste and more habitat destruction
4: Contrast the Good and Bad of the Agricultural Revolution:
Good
more food
supported large population
longer life expectancy
Higher standard of living for people
Formation of cities, towns, and cities
The towns and cities used for trade, government, and religion
Bad
Destruction of wildlife habitats
Killing of wild animals feeding on grass or crops
Fertile land turned into desert
soil eroded to streams and lakes
pollution and rise of diseases
increased armed conflict
5: What are the “Roots of abuse” in the American Frontier Era?
The First Colonists3 “Things” that would change the continent
– Guns!
– Axes!
– Wheels!
Manifest Destiny – “man is controller of the land, not just part of the land”
Westward Expansion
“Vast, unlimited resources”
6: Look at the graphic of the North American Buffalo territory- what happened to the Buffalo over a short period of time?
The size and territory increased in size.
7: List HOW the Industrial Revolution impacted the environment.
-they had more waste, air quality was worst, and they took out large masses of land
8: List the GOOD and Bad news of the Industrial-Medical Revolution
Good
Mass production
Higher standard of living for many
Greatly increased agricultural production
lower infant mortality
longer life expectancy
increased urbanization
Bad
increased air pollution
increased water pollution
increased waste production
soil depltion and degredation
groundwater depletion
habitat destruction
biodiversity depletion
9: List some events of the Early Conservation Era:
1832 – 1870
– Growing public alarm at loss of forests, resources and “wilderness” (Thoreau, Marsh)
– Beginnings of federal control 1870-1930
– New gov. and non-gov. groups formed to protect natural resources (many laws/acts passed)
– John Muir, Teddy Roosevelt, Gifford Pinchot
– “Golden Age of Conservation”
10: Explain how each of the following “Early Environmentalists” impacted the environmental movement:
Henry David Thoreau: Massachusetts wildlife areas (“Walden Pond”, Life In The Wood
George Perkins Marsh :George Perkins Marsh: warned about collapse of civilization in “Man and Nature” (1864)
- * John Wesley Powell: – first advocate to regulate land use
* President Harrison:passed a law stating that the President could set aside lands for national parks and national forests
* John Muir:founded Sierra Club 1892
* Gifford Pinchot:1st Chief U.S.
Forester
– Conservationists vs. Preservationists (Hetch-Hetchy Valley debate)
*Theodore Roosevelt
-Created 40+ wildlife refuges, tripled forest reserves
- Stephen Mather:: 1st Head of Park Service : National park
It was the first step into getting more people in restoring land through the industrialization
12: What were the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) responsible for?
-planted trees, erosion control, nature trails,
13: Why was the “Taylor Grazing Act” important to the environment? Explain.
-Because it regulated the grazing of public land
14: Why was WWII the end of the Conservation Era?
15: When did the environmental era start? Who was responsible for “starting” the movement?
How?
-It started in 1990
-Rachel Carson
-Writing a book called silent spring
16: Who was Aldo Leopold?
-Environmental Philosophy“Sand County Almanac”Humans are part of a “community” that includes natural resources
Problems arise when land is viewed as a “commodity”
17: When was the 1st official “Earth Day”?
-January 1st 1970
18: What were some key legislation in the 60‘s, 70’s and 80’s?
-Wilderness Act: 1964Wild and Scenic Rivers
Act: 1968National Environmental
Policy Act: 1969
The Clean Air Act: 1972
The Clean Water Act:
1972
Pesticide Control Act: 1972
Endangered Species Act: 1973
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act: 1976
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act: 1977
19: What is the EPA? What are they responsible for?
Environmental Protection Agency
-federal $ for studying & improving environmental quality!
20: Who are the NRCS? What are they responsible for? What about CITES?
-Natural Resources Conservation Service Monitors private land use, advises landowners on soil/water conservation methods
– “Educates” and “Advises”
21: List the following:
- Montreal Protocol phase out use of ozone-depleting chemicals by 2000/2005
– Thousands of scientists monitor, share and publish reports on atmospheric change
* Kyoto Protocol: A 1997 international agreement to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases by 5% by 2012
– Not signed by the USA
22: List some of the important U.S. Environmental Laws below:Energy Policy Act
FIFRA
Food Quality
Protection Act
HFI
Kyoto Protocol
Lacey Act
NEPA
Wild & Scenic Rivers
RCRA