Define the following and give examples of each:
• System: is a set of components, or parts , that function together as a whole ; a single organism
• Open System: some energy or material into and out of the system ; ocean
• Closed System: where no transfers can take place;
• Materially Closed System: is one in which no matter moves in and out of the system, although energy and information can move across the systems boundaries; Earth
• Static System versus Dynamic System: Static system has a fixed condition and tends to remain in that exact condition, the Dynamic often continually over time. Static: birthday balloon Dynamic: Hot air balloon
• Steady-State System-The inputs (of anything of interest)are equal to the outputs so the amount stored withing a system is remained constant ; clocks pendulum
Why is the idea of equilibrium in systems somewhat misleading in regard to
environmental questions? Is the establishment of a balance of nature ever possible?
Equilibrium is misleading because in an environment their always a need for change they are always changing and they always need change so a stop will not help. The question is still there but in the environment theirs is always a need for change.
Why is the concept of the ecosystem so important in the study of environmental science?
Should we be worried about disturbing ecosystems? Under what circumstances should
we worry or not worry?
-The environment changes naturally and to understand and help the environment it is important to understand how they change, and we should worry about disturbing the ecosystems because they are what hold earth together the ecosystems consist of forest, rivers, natural disasters and more.
APES- Chapter #3- Guided Reading 1
APES- Chapter #3- Guided Reading
OgoDefine:
Average Residence Time (How is it calculated?) How long on average, a unit of something of interest to us will remain in a reservoir ; Divide the total volume of stored water in the series of dams by the average rate of transfer through the system
Discuss the difference between positive and negative feedback loops. Give an example of
each. The positive feedback is self regulating, or stabilizing, it is the way that steady-state systems can remain in a constant condition. Positive feedback is an increase in output and leads to further increase in output and it is : without vegetation, the soil erodes faster, exposing even more soil.
Define:
Flow:in a system: is an amount transferred
Flux: which is the rate of transfer per unit.
• Lag Time : it is the delay between a cause and the appearance of its effect
• Exponential Growth (What is the main idea- is it good or bad?): Theirs is many types of exponential growth and theirs is good and bad for example negative is the one that concerns of decline of animals such as a bird.
• Doubling Time-Is the time necessary for the quantity being measured to double
• Overshoot and Collapse (draw and label the graph)
Why does overshoot occur, and what could be done to anticipate and avoid it? -It is the carrying capacity and it occurs because, it sometimes exceeds, it is the maximum population possible without degrading the environment necessary to support the population. And we also have the collapse which helps reduce it.
Discuss the idea of Environmental Unity. -the idea that it is impossible t change only one thing, everything affects everything. That can be an overstatement but making a change in the environment can affect the other.
Discuss the idea of authoritarianism-the idea that geological and biological processes that occur today are the same kinds of processes that occur in the past
What is the Gaia Hypothesis? -states that life manipulates the environment for the maintenance of life.
• System: is a set of components, or parts , that function together as a whole ; a single organism
• Open System: some energy or material into and out of the system ; ocean
• Closed System: where no transfers can take place;
• Materially Closed System: is one in which no matter moves in and out of the system, although energy and information can move across the systems boundaries; Earth
• Static System versus Dynamic System: Static system has a fixed condition and tends to remain in that exact condition, the Dynamic often continually over time. Static: birthday balloon Dynamic: Hot air balloon
• Steady-State System-The inputs (of anything of interest)are equal to the outputs so the amount stored withing a system is remained constant ; clocks pendulum
Why is the idea of equilibrium in systems somewhat misleading in regard to
environmental questions? Is the establishment of a balance of nature ever possible?
Equilibrium is misleading because in an environment their always a need for change they are always changing and they always need change so a stop will not help. The question is still there but in the environment theirs is always a need for change.
Why is the concept of the ecosystem so important in the study of environmental science?
Should we be worried about disturbing ecosystems? Under what circumstances should
we worry or not worry?
-The environment changes naturally and to understand and help the environment it is important to understand how they change, and we should worry about disturbing the ecosystems because they are what hold earth together the ecosystems consist of forest, rivers, natural disasters and more.
APES- Chapter #3- Guided Reading 1
APES- Chapter #3- Guided Reading
OgoDefine:
Average Residence Time (How is it calculated?) How long on average, a unit of something of interest to us will remain in a reservoir ; Divide the total volume of stored water in the series of dams by the average rate of transfer through the system
Discuss the difference between positive and negative feedback loops. Give an example of
each. The positive feedback is self regulating, or stabilizing, it is the way that steady-state systems can remain in a constant condition. Positive feedback is an increase in output and leads to further increase in output and it is : without vegetation, the soil erodes faster, exposing even more soil.
Define:
Flow:in a system: is an amount transferred
Flux: which is the rate of transfer per unit.
• Lag Time : it is the delay between a cause and the appearance of its effect
• Exponential Growth (What is the main idea- is it good or bad?): Theirs is many types of exponential growth and theirs is good and bad for example negative is the one that concerns of decline of animals such as a bird.
• Doubling Time-Is the time necessary for the quantity being measured to double
• Overshoot and Collapse (draw and label the graph)
Why does overshoot occur, and what could be done to anticipate and avoid it? -It is the carrying capacity and it occurs because, it sometimes exceeds, it is the maximum population possible without degrading the environment necessary to support the population. And we also have the collapse which helps reduce it.
Discuss the idea of Environmental Unity. -the idea that it is impossible t change only one thing, everything affects everything. That can be an overstatement but making a change in the environment can affect the other.
Discuss the idea of authoritarianism-the idea that geological and biological processes that occur today are the same kinds of processes that occur in the past
What is the Gaia Hypothesis? -states that life manipulates the environment for the maintenance of life.