Biology Essentials- Reproductive Isolation and Speciation Guided Viewing
: What happened with Diane Dodd and the fruit flies? How did she create reproductive isolation?
-In 1980 a scientist grouped fruit flies and fed them different things for some time
-After 8 generations the ones that were together completly ignored eachother
2: What is the definition a species?
-a group of individuals that can interbreed
3: What are the two main types of barriers in reproductive isolation?
-Geographic or Pre zygotic and Pst zygotic
4: What is gene flow? What is reproductive isolation?
-The gene flow is when the genes are being mixed within the population
-Species that have the inability to breed
5: What is geographic isolation? (Give an example).
-theirsis a isolation in the popultion due to where they exist
-example: Metallarcs and when the icege occured and broek the continens they became two groups and became different
6: What is allopatric speciation? (give an example)
-When you have two groups that live in different lands
7: What is sympatric speciation? (give an example)
-When two groups live in the same land
-Plants might have a mistake in the number of chromosomes they have and they ant interbreed anymore
8: What is peripatric/parapatric speciation? (give an example)
-An example is the African and the elephant that live in the forest and the one in the tropical land has 2/3 difference of DNA as the African Elephant
-Peripatric and peripatry are terms from biogeography, referring to organisms whose ranges are closely adjacent but do not overlap, being separated where these organisms do not occur
9: What are pre-zygotic barriers? Name the types of pre-zygotic barriers (explain each). (Temporal, Mechanical, Behavioral)
-Xygo is an egg fertilized by the sperm
-Temporal: example is two types of american and the valorse toad and they will interbreed in a alab it depends on the time as well
-Mechanical : snails: their shells are very similar as well as their DNA and they don't interbreed
Behavioral: The metallarcs were separated by the last ice-age they don't interbreed because they attract mates through their songs and they have different ones
10: What are post-zygotic barriers? Name the types of post-zygotic barriers- give examples. (Zygote Mortality, Hybrid Sterility)
-Zygote Morality- Sperm is transferred
Hybrid Sterility- 2 different species that breed to make a new species
11: What is polyploidy? What happens? Where is this common?-Polyploidy is the process of genome doubling that gives rise to organisms with multiple sets of chromosomes.
12: What is the theory of Punctuated Equilibrium?
-punctuated equilibrium: a theory of evolution holding that evolutionary change in the fossil record came in fits and starts rather than in a steady process of slow change
-In 1980 a scientist grouped fruit flies and fed them different things for some time
-After 8 generations the ones that were together completly ignored eachother
2: What is the definition a species?
-a group of individuals that can interbreed
3: What are the two main types of barriers in reproductive isolation?
-Geographic or Pre zygotic and Pst zygotic
4: What is gene flow? What is reproductive isolation?
-The gene flow is when the genes are being mixed within the population
-Species that have the inability to breed
5: What is geographic isolation? (Give an example).
-theirsis a isolation in the popultion due to where they exist
-example: Metallarcs and when the icege occured and broek the continens they became two groups and became different
6: What is allopatric speciation? (give an example)
-When you have two groups that live in different lands
7: What is sympatric speciation? (give an example)
-When two groups live in the same land
-Plants might have a mistake in the number of chromosomes they have and they ant interbreed anymore
8: What is peripatric/parapatric speciation? (give an example)
-An example is the African and the elephant that live in the forest and the one in the tropical land has 2/3 difference of DNA as the African Elephant
-Peripatric and peripatry are terms from biogeography, referring to organisms whose ranges are closely adjacent but do not overlap, being separated where these organisms do not occur
9: What are pre-zygotic barriers? Name the types of pre-zygotic barriers (explain each). (Temporal, Mechanical, Behavioral)
-Xygo is an egg fertilized by the sperm
-Temporal: example is two types of american and the valorse toad and they will interbreed in a alab it depends on the time as well
-Mechanical : snails: their shells are very similar as well as their DNA and they don't interbreed
Behavioral: The metallarcs were separated by the last ice-age they don't interbreed because they attract mates through their songs and they have different ones
10: What are post-zygotic barriers? Name the types of post-zygotic barriers- give examples. (Zygote Mortality, Hybrid Sterility)
-Zygote Morality- Sperm is transferred
Hybrid Sterility- 2 different species that breed to make a new species
11: What is polyploidy? What happens? Where is this common?-Polyploidy is the process of genome doubling that gives rise to organisms with multiple sets of chromosomes.
12: What is the theory of Punctuated Equilibrium?
-punctuated equilibrium: a theory of evolution holding that evolutionary change in the fossil record came in fits and starts rather than in a steady process of slow change